Effect of Chitosan Extracted from Vannamei Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) Shells in Feed on the Growth Performance and Digestibility of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Authors

  • Putra Rangkuti Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine, Universitas Riau Author
  • Indra Suharman Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine, Universitas Riau Author
  • Desi Rahmadani Siagian Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine, Universitas Riau Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31258/jnat.23.1.1-9

Keywords:

Vannamei, Growth, Fish Digestibility, Chitosan, Attractant

Abstract

Chitosan extracted from vannamei shrimp shells has the potential to act as an attractant for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) while also enhancing growth performance and digestibility in various fish species. This study evaluated the impact of chitosan supplementation in feed on Tilapia's growth rate and digestibility. The experiment was designed using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five treatment groups and three replications. Fish were fed diets containing chitosan at 0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, and 4% for 56 days. 525 tilapia fingerlings (2.50±0.41 g) were stocked in 15 floating net cages (1x1x1 m3). Feed was provided at 10% of the fish biomass three times daily at 08:00 AM, 01:00 PM, and 05:00 PM. The results indicated that chitosan supplementation significantly (P<0.05) influenced Tilapia's specific growth rate and digestibility. Among the tested levels, the 4% chitosan treatment yielded the highest values, including overall digestibility (52.38%), protein digestibility (74.72%), protein retention (27.27%), feed efficiency (34.77%), specific growth rate (3.33%), and 100% survival rate. These findings suggest that incorporating chitosan into tilapia feed can enhance growth performance and nutrient utilization.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Aathi, K., Ramasubramanian, V., Uthayakumar, V., Munirasu, S., 2013. Effect of supplemented diet on survival, growth, hematological, biochemical & immunological responses of Indian Major Carp Labeo rohita. International Research Journal of Pharmacy, 4(5): 141-147.

Afzriansyah, A., Saifullah, S., Putra, A.N., 2014. Aplikasi prebiotik untuk meningkatkan nilai kecernaan pakan ikan nila (Oreochromis niloticus). Jurnal Perikanan dan Kelautan, 4(4): 235-242.

Ashuri, W.C., 2016. Model segmentasi dan prospek usaha budidaya ikan nila (Oreochromis sp.) di kawasan pertambakan pesisir utara Jawa Barat. Universitas Terbuka.

Bakshi, P.S., Selvakumar, D., Kadirvelu, K., Kumar, N.S., 2020. Chitosan as an environment friendly biomaterial – A review on recent modifications and applications. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 150: 1072–1083.

Ekaputri, R.A., Arief, M., Rahardja, S., Kurniasih, N., 2018. Pengaruh penambahan kitosan pada pakan komersial terhadap laju pertumbuhan spesifik dan retensi protein udang vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei). Journal of Marine and Coastal Science, 7(2): 39-50.

Hamed, S., El-Kassas, S., Abo-Al-Ela, H.G., 2024. Interactive effects of water temperature and dietary protein on Nile tilapia: growth, immunity, and physiological health. BMC Vet Res, 20: 349.

Hanafiah, A.K., 2005. Rancangan percobaan teori dan aplikasi. Palembang: Rajawali Press.

Handayani, I., Nofyan, E., Wijayanti, M., 2014. Optimasi tingkat pemberian pakan buatan terhadap pertumbuhan dan kelangsungan hidup ikan patin jambal (Pangasius jambal). Jurnal Akuakultur Rawa Indonesia, 2(2): 175-187.

Haryanto, P., Pinandoyo, P., Ariyati, A. 2014. Pengaruh dosis pemberian pakan buatan yang berbeda terhadap pertumbuhan juvenil kerapu macan (Epinephelus fuscogutattus). J. Aqua. Man. & Tech, (3): 58-66.

Heptarina, D.M.A., Suprayudi, S., Mokoginta, M., Yaniharto, Y., 2010. Pengaruh pemberian pakan dengan kadar protein yang berbeda terhadap pertumbuhan juwana udang putih (Litopenaeus vannamei). Prosiding Forum Inovasi Teknologi Akuakutur, 721-727.

Islami, E.Y., Basuki, B., Elfitasari, E., 2013. Analisa pertumbuhan ikan nila larasati (Oreochromis niloticus) yang dipelihara pada KJA wadaslintang dengan kepadatan berbeda. J. Aqua. Man. & Tech, 2: 115-121.

Jobling, M., 2016. Fish nutrition research: past, present and future. Aquaculture International, 24(3): 767-786.

Khayrurraja, A., Grandiosa, R., Pratiwy, F.M., 2023. Analisa performa pertumbuhan dan efisiensi pakan pada ikan gurami melalui penambahan kitosan dan probiotik cair. Gunung Djati Conference Series, 33: 99-112.

Kurniasih, M., Kartika, D., 2011. Intesis dan karakterisasi fisika-kimia kitosan. Journal of Innovation, 5(1): 42-48.

Kusharto, C.M., 2006. Serat makanan dan perannya bagi kesehatan. Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan, 1(2): 45-54.

Mahatmanti, F.W., Kusumastuti, E., Jumaeri, J., Sulistyani, M., Susiyanti, A., Haryati, U., Dirgantari, P.S., 2022. Pembuatan kitin dan kitosan dari limbah cangkang udang sebagai upaya memanfaatkan limbah menjadi material maju. Inovasi Kimia, (1): 1-38.

Muahiddah, N., Diamahesa, W.A., 2023. Penyuluhan tentang manajemen budidaya ikan yang baik di pembudidaya ikan nila air tenang, Rembiga, Mataram. Indonesian Journal of Fisheries Community Empowerment, 3(2): 250-258.

Mukti, A.T., Samara, S.H., Santanumurti, M.B., 2018. Pengaruh pemberian kitosan dalam pakan terhadap pertumbuhan, sintasan dan efisiensi pemanfaatan pakan nila (Oreochromis niloticus). Jurnal Perikanan Universitas Gadjah Mada, 20(2): 103-111.

Mulantika, S., Alawi, H., 2020. Pengaruh warna latar wadah dan padat tebar terhadap pertumbuhan dan kelulushidupan larva ikan koi (Cyprinus carpio). Jurnal Akuakultur Sebatin, 1(1): 87-99.

Putra, M.E., Gunanti, M., Luthfiana, A.S., 2017. Infestasi ektoparasit pada ikan nila (Orechromis niloticus) yang dipelihara menggunakan sistem akuaponik dan tanpa akuaponik. Journal of Aquaculture and Fish Health, 7(1): 42-49.

Rochima, E., 2014. Kajian pemanfaatan limbah rajungan dan aplikasinya untuk bahan minuman kesehatan berbasis kitosan. Jurnal Akuatika. 5(1): 71-82.

Samsudin, R., Suhenda, S., Sulhi, S., 2010. Evaluasi penggunaan pakan dengan kadar protein yang berbeda terhadap pertumbuhan benih ikan nilem (Osteochilus hasseltii). Prosiding Forum Inovasi Teknologi Akuakutur, 697-701.

Sukarman, Ramadhan, F., 2015. Pemanfaatan kulit ari kelapa sebagai alternatif bahan pakan untuk ikan nila (Oreochromis niloticus), Jurnal Biologi, 8(1): 15-20.

Syahputra, N., Febri, S.P., Komariyah, S., Haser, T.F., Aprita, I.R., 2023. Efektivitas pemberian kitosan pada pakan terhadap organoleptik ikan lele dumbo (Clarias gariepinus). Jurnal Agroqua: Media Informasi Agronomi dan Budidaya Perairan, 21(2): 408-415.

Udo, I. U., Etukudo, U., Anwana, U.I.U., 2018. Effects of chitosan and chitosan nanoparticles on water quality, growth performance, survival rate, and meat quality of the catfish, Clarias gariepinus. Nanoscience, 1(1): 12-25.

Watanabe, T., 1988. Fish nutrition and marine culture. The General of Aquaculture Course. Department of Aquatic. Bioscience. Tokyo. JICA. 238.

Zaki, M.A., Salem, M.M., Gaber, G., Nour, N., 2015. Effect of chitosan-supplemented diet on survival, growth, feed utilization, body composition & histology of sea bass. World J. Eng. & Tech, (3): 38-47.

Zonneveld, N., Huisman E.A., Boon J.H., 1991. Prinsip-prinsip budidaya ikan. JH Boon Press. Jakarta.

Downloads

Published

2025-04-16

Issue

Section

Articles

How to Cite

Effect of Chitosan Extracted from Vannamei Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) Shells in Feed on the Growth Performance and Digestibility of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). (2025). Jurnal Natur Indonesia, 23(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.31258/jnat.23.1.1-9