Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Universitas Riau
OPTIMIZATION OF NURSERY TECHNIQUES FOR SILVER POMPANO (Trachinotus blochii) IN BPBL BATAM: ANALYSIS OF GROWTH PERFORMANCE, SURVIVAL RATE, AND WATER QUALITY
The production of silver pompano (Trachinotus blochii) in Indonesia has declined sharply, highlighting persistent issues in its nursery stage, particularly the inability to promote rapid growth and high survival rates when water quality fluctuates. This research assessed intensive nursery techniques implemented at Balai Perikanan Budidaya Laut (BPBL) in Batam by systematically testing different stocking densities, feeding schedules, and key water-quality metrics. Over a twenty-one-day culture cycle, observers collected data daily and interpreted it using descriptive statistics. Fish length rose from an initial mean of 2.50 cm to 3.73 cm, and mean weight climbed from 0.50 g to 1.30 g, yielding an average specific growth rate of 2.5% per day, a survival rate of 83.7%, and a feed-conversion ratio of 2.1. During the trial, temperature (27.6 °C), pH (7.81), dissolved oxygen (5.7 mg/L), and salinity (30 ppt) consistently fell within national SNI 7901-2013 standards. Most deaths occurred during grading rather than through cannibalism, indicating that handling stress, rather than predatory behavior, was the primary cause of loss. Collectively, these results establish a reference point for nursery management of T. blochii and furnish Indonesian aquaculture planners with data needed to boost fish-seed output while strengthening coastal community livelihoods
Copyright (c) 2025 Imanda Khalidah, Indra Lesmana, Rodhi Firmansyah (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
ASSESSMENT OF WATER QUALITY BASED ON NITRATE, PHOSPHATE, AND AMMONIA CONCENTRATIONS IN BURUK BAKUL VILLAGE, BENGKALIS, RIAU
Coastal ecosystems are highly sensitive to nutrient enrichment, particularly from land-based activities and aquaculture effluents, which contribute to water quality degradation. This study evaluated the concentrations of nitrate, ammonia, and phosphate in the coastal waters of Buruk Bakul Village, Bengkalis, Riau Province, Indonesia. Water samples were collected from four representative stations in August 2025: a river estuary, a shrimp pond, a mangrove rehabilitation site, and a natural mangrove forest. The analysis was conducted using spectrophotometric methods in accordance with the Indonesian National Standards (SNI). Results indicated that nitrate concentrations ranged from 0.0822 to 0.1932 mg/L, ammonia from 0.5705 to 1.7338 mg/L, and phosphate from 0.0845 to 0.299 mg/L. All parameters exceeded the seawater quality standards for marine biota established by the Decree of the Minister of Environment No. 51/2004, indicating a significant anthropogenic influence. The river estuary recorded the highest nitrate and phosphate levels, reflecting inputs from land runoff and domestic waste, while ammonia peaked in the shrimp pond due to aquaculture discharge. Nutrient levels in mangrove-associated stations were lower but still above the threshold, indicating that mangrove ecosystems provide some capacity to retain and transform nutrients, although insufficient for full remediation. Elevated nutrient concentrations pose ecological risks, such as eutrophication and algal blooms, which may disrupt biodiversity and fisheries productivity. This study emphasizes the urgency of improving aquaculture waste management, reducing land-derived nutrient loading, and strengthening mangrove conservation and rehabilitation as integrated strategies to sustain coastal ecosystem health in Buruk Bakul and similar regions. These findings provide a baseline for nutrient management and coastal rehabilitation strategies in western Indonesian waters
Copyright (c) 2025 Sefni Hendris, Dessy Yoswaty, Irvina Nurrachmi, Nabila Afifah Azuga, Bella Billiant J Ananta Kambaren, Rianti Putri, Ardi Gustri Purbata (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
THE ROLE OF THE COMMUNITY IN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT IN THE COASTAL AREA OF RUPAT DISTRICT
Coastal environmental problems in Rupat District cannot be resolved solely through a top-down approach or government intervention. This study was conducted in 2025 with the intention of comprehensively analyzing the role of the community in environmental management in the coastal areas of Rupat District, particularly on Ketapang and Lancah beaches. Through a systematic research approach, this study aims to identify the forms of community roles in coastal environmental management efforts, analyze factors that influence the level of community participation, describe the various challenges faced in implementing community-based environmental management, and formulate strategies for strengthening community roles that can be implemented sustainably. The method used in this study was a survey method with a total of 31 respondents, consisting of fishermen, seaweed farmers, fish traders, community leaders, and people involved in marine tourism activities. The results of the study can be concluded that community-based coastal environmental management has enormous potential but faces complex structural challenges
Copyright (c) 2025 Lamun Bathara, Syahril Nedi, Irwan Effendi, Musyirna Rahmah NST, Tio Afandi Nasution, Afrizal Tanjung, Afrizal Tanjung (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
COLLABORATION ON DEVELOPMENT PLANNING POLICY: MITIGATION OF ABRASION PREVENTION IN SIAK REGENCY (CASE STUDY OF MENGKAPAN VILLAGE)
Siak Regency, located in Riau Province, is one of the areas facing a serious threat of abrasion, especially in coastal areas bordering the Lalang Strait. Mengkapan Village, one of the coastal villages in Siak Regency, has been significantly affected by abrasion. Based on initial observations, the abrasion rate in this area is 2-5 m per year, which poses a threat. Development planning policies play a crucial role in addressing the abrasion phenomenon in Mengkapan Village, Siak Regency, Riau Province. With good planning, development will align with community expectations. Based on satellite imagery analyses in 2020 and 2025, Mengkapan Village experienced abrasion at a rate of 6.43 m/year. Development planning policies in coastal abrasion mitigation must be an integral part of a sustainable regional development strategy. Through a combination of structural, non-structural, and collaborative approaches, along with strong policy support, coastal abrasion can be minimized. Synergy among the government, community, business world, and academia are key to realizing a resilient, productive, and sustainable coastline for future generations.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ali Asfar, Indra Suandy, Yusri Yusri, Agus Mandar, Maellynia Mustofa (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF Cosmos caudatus IN PREVENTING HYPERGLYCEMIA DUE TO Aeromonas hydrophila INFECTION IN Pangasianodon hypophthalmus
Cosmos caudatus is a herb that benefits overall health. This study aimed to determine the effect of C. caudatus leaf supplementation in feed on blood glucose levels in catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila. This study was conducted from March to August 2024 at the Marine Microbiology Laboratory, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Universitas Riau. The method used was an experimental design employing a completely randomized design (CRD) with four treatments and three replications: negative control (NC, no supplementation, no infection), positive control (PC, no supplementation, with A. hydrophila bacterial infection), supplementation with C. caudatus at doses of 10 g/kg (T1), 15 g/kg (T2), and 20 g/kg (T3) of feed, all tested against A. hydrophila. The fish fry used weighed 5.00 ± 1.00 g and were reared for 75 days in 100-L tanks integrated with an aquaponics system. The fish were fed the experimental feed for 60 days before challenge with A. hydrophila bacteria (10⁸ CFU/mL, intramuscular injection) and continued for 14 days after challenge. Blood glucose levels were measured at the beginning (day 1), day 30, pre-challenge (day 60), and post-challenge (day 75). The results showed that adding basil leaves to the feed affected blood glucose (P<0.05). The addition of C. Caudatus leaves maintained glucose homeostasis within the range of 68.33±10.59-79.67±7.77 mg/dL. These findings indicate that C. Caudatus supplementation effectively prevents hyperglycemia caused by A. hydrohila infection in striped catfish and suggest its potential as a natural immunostimulant and metabolic modulator in aquaculture
Copyright (c) 2025 Ronal Kurniawan, Windarti Windarti, Irwan Effendi, Asmika Harnalin Simarmata, Efawani Efawani, Rodhi Firmansyah, Nur Ikhlas Syuhada, Okta Rizal Karsih (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
DIVERSITY OF ECONOMICALLY VALUABLE FISH TYPES IN THE LUBUK LARANGAN AREA, THE BATANG BUNGO RIVER, BUNGO REGENCY, JAMBI
The diversity of economically valuable fish species in the Batang Bungo River is crucial for assessing the condition and population, which is the foundation for sustainable capture fisheries in the future. The research aims to identify the economic value of the Batang Bungo River and the diversity, dominance, and relative abundance of economically valuable fish. The research method involved a survey, and data were collected using a purposive sampling technique based on various environmental characteristics and fishing areas commonly used by local fishermen. These fishermen caught 15 people per station. Eight species of economically valuable fish were found in the Batang Bungo River. The diversity values ​​in the upstream (2,049) and downstream (1,933) sections were categorized as moderate. Dominance Index of upstream (0.13: downstream section: 0.15) (medium). The highest relative abundance was found in seluang (Rasbora argyrotaenia) (relative value: 15,95%) and baung (Mystus nemurus) (relative value: 15,65%).
Copyright (c) 2025 Rini Hertati, Safitriani Safitriani (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
CHARACTERISTICS OF TIDES, WAVES, AND BATHYMETRY IN THE WATERS OF BAYUR BAY PADANG CITY, WEST SUMATRA
This study aims to examine the characteristics of tides, waves, and bathymetry in Bayur Bay, Padang City, West Sumatra. Data collection was conducted in October 2024 through a survey method that included tidal observations for 15 days, wave measurements at three stations for 3 days, and measurements of water quality parameters (temperature, salinity, and brightness). Secondary data were obtained from ECMWF and GEBCO and analyzed using Surfer 13 and ArcGIS. The analysis results show that the tides are of a mixed type, leaning towards double daily with a Formzahl value of 0.51. Wave heights vary between 0.15 and 0.6 m, and validation with ECMWF data yields low RMSE values (0.1263-0.2983), indicating the suitability of the model and field data. The bathymetry of Bayur Bay ranges from 0 to 45 m, with the seabed dominated by fine sand. This information is important as a basis for coastal zone management, shipping, and maritime infrastructure development
Copyright (c) 2025 Rafly Fadiansyah Siregar, Rifardi Rifardi, Efriyeldi Efriyeldi (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
CHARACTERISTICS OF CARAGENAN FROM RED SEAWEED (RHODOPHYTA) Eucheuma spinosum AND Eucheuma cottonii ORIGINATING FROM MORO ISLAND
Red seaweeds Eucheuma spinosum and E. cottonii are raw materials for producing carrageenan. Carrageenan is a group of polysaccharides widely used as thickening, stabilizing, and gelling agents across various industries. This study aims to determine the physicochemical characteristics of carrageenan from E. spinosum and E.cottonii seaweed. This research uses an experimental method: direct extraction with hot alkali, with three repetitions. The physicochemical parameters analyzed include yield, gel strength, viscosity, water content, ash content, and sulfate content. The results of the study of the physicochemical characteristics of carrageenan from E. spinosum raw materials produced a yield of 34.41%, gel strength 22.17 g/cm2, viscosity 1450 cP, water content 11.57%, ash content 24.41%, and sulfate content 24.89%. The results of the study of the physico-chemical characteristics of E. cottonii produced a yield of 29.54%, gel strength of 488.58 g/cm2, viscosity of 30.05 cP, water content of 9.95%, ash of 36.42%, and sulfate content of 21.42%. The FTIR profiles of E. spinosum carrageenan compounds show iota carrageenan, and those of E. cottonii carrageenan compounds show kappa carrageenan. The physicochemical characteristics of E. spinosum and E.cottonii carrageenan raw materials have met FAO standards, except for gel strength and ash content in E. cottonii carrageenan.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ika Darmila Siregar, Andarini Diharmi, Rahman Karnila (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
ANTIMICROBIAL POTENTIAL OF MARINE PHOTOSYNTHETIC BACTERIA AND BIOPIGMENT EXTRACTS AGAINST AQUATIC PATHOGENS
Potential of marine photosynthetic bacteria (MPB) and their biopigment extracts as antimicrobial agents against two major aquatic pathogens, Aeromonas hydrophila and Staphylococcus aureus. The research was conducted from February to April 2025. Six MPB isolates were cultured under laboratory conditions to induce pigment production. Biopigments, natural pigments produced by microorganisms, exhibit antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. Pigment extraction was performed using acetone and ether, followed by evaporation to obtain concentrated pigment extracts. The antimicrobial activity of both MPB suspensions and their biopigment extracts was tested using the disc diffusion method on Mueller-Hinton Agar (MHA) media. The results showed that the MPB suspensions produced no inhibition zones against either pathogen. In contrast, the biopigment extracts demonstrated weak antimicrobial activity, with inhibition zone diameters ranging from 1 to 4 mm, a classification of weak. However, the ability of biopigment extracts to inhibit bacterial growth, even at low levels, suggests the presence of bioactive compounds with potential antimicrobial activity. These findings suggest that MPB-derived biopigments may serve as a natural alternative in future antimicrobial development
Copyright (c) 2025 Hersa Javayu Defitra, Ummi Mardhiah Batubara, Thamrin Thamrin (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
COMMUNITY STRUCTURE AND CARBON STOCK POTENTIAL OF MANGROVE ECOSYSTEMS IN THE COASTAL AREA OF BANGKO SUBDISTRICT, ROKAN HILIR REGENCY
The objectives of this study were to analyze mangrove community structure, estimate carbon storage and CO₂ sequestration potential, assess the economic value of CO₂ sequestration, and formulate management strategies for mangrove forests in the coastal area of Bangko Subdistrict, Rokan Hilir Regency. This research was conducted in October 2024 in the coastal area of Bangko Subdistrict, Rokan Hilir Regency, Riau Province. The method applied was a survey-based approach. Sampling stations were determined using purposive sampling. Mangrove community structure data were collected using 10 m × 10 m quadrat transect plots. A total of six observation stations were established, with three plots per transect. The potential carbon stock of the mangrove ecosystem was calculated based on carbon content from trunk biomass, roots, litter, and sediment. Biomass carbon estimation utilized species-specific allometric equations. The results recorded seven mangrove species: Avicennia alba, A. eucalyptifolia, A. lanata, Bruguiera parviflora, Rhizophora apiculata, R. mucronata, and Sonneratia alba. The highest relative density and the highest relative frequency were recorded for A.alba at Station I (75%) and Station II (42.86%). The highest relative dominance was recorded for Sonneratia alba at Station V (52.05%). The highest Importance Value Index (IVI) was observed for Avicennia alba at Station I (151.15%). The mangrove ecosystem in the coastal area of Bangko Subdistrict has an average carbon stock potential of 382.37 tons/ha, with an estimated CO₂ sequestration potential of 1,277.21 tons per hectare, totalling 15,893,618.87 tons. The estimated average economic value of carbon sequestration is IDR 1,081,274,726/ha, equivalent to IDR 13,455,438,919,367. Sustainable mangrove ecosystem management as a contribution to climate change mitigation can be implemented through the following strategies: ecosystem rehabilitation and protection, strengthening governance and law enforcement, community empowerment and alternative livelihood development, increased awareness and cross-sectoral coordination, and continuous monitoring and research
Copyright (c) 2025 Siti Komariah, Deni Efizon, Syafruddin Nasution (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
THE EFFECT OF ECO-ENZYME ON BIOMASS PRODUCTION OF Lemna sp. IN GIANT GOURAMI (Osphronemus gouramy) CULTURE SYSTEMS
Giant gourami (Osphronemus gouramy) is one of Indonesia's most valuable freshwater fish species; however, its aquaculture development is constrained by slow growth and low survival rates. Improving water quality through the use of aquatic plants such as Lemna sp. and the application of eco-enzymes is essential. The development of Lemna sp. depends on nutrient availability, especially nitrogen (N), phosphate (P), and potassium (K), which can be enhanced by adding an eco-enzyme. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different eco-enzyme concentrations on Lemna sp. biomass production, specific growth rate, and water quality parameters in giant gourami culture systems. The research was conducted using an experimental method with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of five treatments and three replications: P0 (0 ml/L), P1 (1.5 ml/L), P2 (2.5 ml/L), P3 (3.5 ml/L), and P4 (4.5 ml/L) of eco-enzyme concentration. The results showed that eco-enzyme administration significantly influenced Lemna sp. biomass. The best results were observed in treatment P4 (4.5 ml/L), which produced the highest Lemna sp. biomass (132.87 g) and specific growth rate (4.47%). Optimal water quality was recorded in treatment P4, with temperature ranging from 26.1–29.8°C, pH 5.5–8.38, dissolved oxygen 3.10–6.42 mg/L, phosphate 0.3097–0.3872 mg/L, nitrate 0.5517–10.2414 mg/L, and CO₂ 17–40 mg/L. These findings demonstrate that eco-enzyme application at 4.5 mL/L effectively enhances Lemna sp. productivity as a natural biofilter while simultaneously improving giant gourami growth performance and survival
Copyright (c) 2025 Naufal Arif Budiman, Saberina Hasibuan, Rodhi Firmansyah (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
ANALYSIS OF SEDIMENTATION RATES AT THE MOUTH OF THE MESJID RIVER IN DUMAI CITY: IMPLICATIONS FOR SILTATION AND SEDIMENT TRANSPORT
The Mesjid River Estuary in Dumai City is an area prone to sediment accumulation due to the influence of river hydrology dynamics and interaction with oceanographic processes in coastal waters. The sedimentation phenomenon that occurs has a direct implication on the rate of estuary siltation and sediment transport patterns that affect the balance of the aquatic ecosystem. This study aims to analyze the sedimentation rate and sediment characteristics at the Mesjid River Estuary and examine the impact of sedimentation on siltation and sediment transport patterns. This study was conducted in December 2024 at the Mesjid River Estuary, Dumai City, with the aim of analyzing the sedimentation rate and its implications for siltation and sediment transport. Sedimentation in estuarine areas is an important phenomenon that affects changes in channel morphology, navigation capacity, and coastal ecosystem balance. Data collection was conducted at six research stations from upstream to downstream by recording water quality parameters, sediment characteristics, sedimentation rates, total suspended solids (TSS), and sediment transport. The results showed that the sedimentation rate ranged from 7.0 to 10.3 cm/year, with an average of 8.77 cm/year, which is relatively high compared to other estuaries in Southeast Asia. The average TSS value of 135 mg/l indicates a significant supply of sediment from land erosion and anthropogenic activities, while the sediment transport load reached 338.2 tons/year, confirming the role of the estuary as a center of material accumulation. These conditions accelerate siltation, limit the efficiency of maritime transportation, and alter coastal morphological dynamics, necessitating active management strategies and sustainable mitigation to maintain ecosystem functions and support the sustainability of local economic activities
Copyright (c) 2025 Ilham Ilahi, Mubarak Mubarak, Farhat Ofirma, Gita Purnama Sari (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
EFFECTIVENESS OF REPLACING Artemia sp. FEED WITH FERMENTED PASTE FEED ON THE GROWTH AND SURVIVAL OF STRIPED CATFISH LARVAE (Pangasionodon hypopthalmus) PUSTINA STRAIN
Striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) in Riau is known as a commodity with bright prospects for cultivation, given increasing market demand aligned with community needs and its affordable price. This study was conducted from April 28 to June 7, 2025, at the Fish Breeding and Improvement Laboratory, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Universitas Riau. The objective of this study was to determine the optimal timing for switching from Artemia sp. feed to fermented paste feed to enhance the growth and survival rate of Pustina strain striped catfish larvae. The method used was an experimental method with five treatments and three replicates (15 experimental units) with a stocking density of 75 fish/tank and with treatments AR 5 T 5 PBF 30 (Artemia sp. 5 days + silkworms 5 days + Fermented Paste Feed 30 days), AR 5 T 7 PBF 28 (Artemia sp. 5 days + silkworms 7 days + Fermented Paste Feed 28 days), AR 5 T 9 PBF 26 (Artemia sp. 5 days + silkworms 9 days + Fermented Paste Feed 26 days), AR 5 T 11 PBF 24 (Artemia sp. 5 days + silkworms 11 days + Fermented Paste Feed 24 days), AR 5 T 13 PBF 22 (Artemia sp. 5 days + silkworms 13 days + Fermented Paste Feed 22 days). The best treatment was AR 5 T 13 PBF 22 (Artemia sp. 5 days + silkworms 13 days + Fermented Paste Feed 22 days), which produced absolute weight growth of 2.49±0.037e, absolute length growth of 5.99±0.62e, specific growth rate of 17.16±0.05e, and survival rate of 87.11±2.03a.
Copyright (c) 2025 Rizqy Putra Perdana, Netti Aryani, Nur Asiah (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
THE EXISTING CONDITION OF THE DRIED SALTED FISH SUPPLY CHAIN IN SIBOLGA CITY, NORTH SUMATRA
Sibolga City is one of the coastal areas in North Sumatra Province that plays a vital role in Indonesia’s marine and fisheries sector. This study aims to analyze the supply chain system of dried salted fish in Sibolga City, which includes three main components: the product flow, information flow, and financial flow. The research was conducted in September 2025 using a descriptive method with a mixed quantitative and qualitative approach. Primary data were obtained through interviews and field observations involving fishermen, dried salted fish processors, collectors, retailers, and the Department of Marine Affairs and Fisheries (DKP) of Sibolga City. In contrast, secondary data were derived from DKP reports. The results showed that there are three main supply chain patterns: (1) fisherman–processor–collector–retailer–consumer, (2) fisherman–processor–collector–consumer, and (3) fisherman–processor–direct consumer. On average, dried salted fish processors in Sibolga can produce between 100 and 200 kg per day, depending on the availability of raw materials. Shorter distribution channels generate higher efficiency by reducing marketing costs, accelerating the flow of information and finance, and maintaining product quality. This study concludes that the dried salted fish supply chain in Sibolga City has been functioning but remains sub-optimal. Strengthening coordination among actors, improving access to formal financing, and utilizing information technology in distribution and marketing are necessary to enhance efficiency and increase the added value of dried salted fish products at the local level.
Copyright (c) 2025 Irwan Limbong, Muhammad Yogi Prayoga, Amraini Fitri, Andrha Syatha Pahana (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
GROWTH PATTERNS AND GONAD MATURITY LEVELS OF (Barbonymus schwanefeldii) FISH IN THE BATANG ASAI SAROLANGUN RIVER
The condition of the Batang Asai River in Sarolangun Regency, Jambi, has experienced a decline in water quality due to anthropogenic activities such as land clearing, settlement, and mining. This condition threatens the sustainability of fish populations, especially those from the Cyprinidae family, which are an important and environmentally sensitive group of fish for consumption, one of which is the lampam (Barbonymus schwanefeldii). However, scientific information on the bioecology of lampam in this region is very limited. Therefore, this research is needed to provide basic data to support adaptive conservation and fisheries management strategies. This study aims to analyze the growth patterns and gonadal maturity levels of lampam in the Batang Asai River, Sarolangun Regency, as a basis for inland fisheries management. A total of 113 fish, consisting of 64 males and 49 females, were observed. Male fish had a positive allometric growth pattern, while female fish had an isometric growth pattern. Analysis of Gonad Maturity Level (GML) found fish with GML I to GML IV, but immature gonads dominated the condition of the fish. In general, the water quality of the Batang Asai River still supports fish life, as can be seen from the growth patterns of the fish, but most of the fish found during the study were still immature despite the presence of fish with GML I to GML IV.
Copyright (c) 2025 Yoppie Wulanda, Rizky Janatul Magwa, Ester Restiana Endang Gelis, Septy Heltria, Lauura Hermala Yunita, Farhan Ramdhani, Febrina Rolin, Yusyam Leni, Muhammad Hafidz Ibnu Khaldun, Ainun Rohmawati Bareta (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
CLIMATE-INFORMED ECOLOGICAL MONITORING OF ZELI LAKE: REMOTE SENSING AND FIELD APPROACHES
The ecological and tourism potential of Zeli Lake has been assessed using remote sensing techniques based on aerospace data. Using OpenStreetMap and Google Earth, the eco-geographical features of the lake were identified from these materials. The lake covers approximately 2,551 m² (0.26 ha) and has a total perimeter of 202.4 m. Its absolute altitude is around 909 m above sea level, while the relative altitude (eye altitude) reaches 1.37 km. From a satellite view, the lake has an oval, leaf-like shape. According to Google Earth measurements, its map length is 76.60 m and ground length is 76.96 m with a heading of 193.43°. The width is 63.37 m on the map and 63.39 m on the ground, with a heading of 90.59°. The exact geographic location of the Lake is 40°24′24.6″ N, latitude, and 46°23′10.8″ E longitude. So far, the ecotourism resources of the research object have not been comprehensively studied. In this respect, the lake's climatic conditions were analyzed using Landsat satellite imagery, other remote sensing data, and field visits. Seasonal monitoring was conducted to assess climate, forest cover, and visitor activity. The woodland surrounding the lake covers about 0.88 ha within a perimeter of 678 m. The area remains largely undeveloped, with only a small café located on the shore; no cottages, hotels, or hostels exist nearby. During autumn migration, several bird species are observed around the lake. Many of these belong to the species listed in the “Green Book” and “Red Book” of the Republic of Azerbaijan. In conclusion, the lake itself is a valuable natural site with promising ecotourism opportunities. However, its ecosystem has not yet been fully investigated, and further interdisciplinary research is required to evaluate and sustainably develop its resources.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ulviyya Mammadova, Fuad Guliyev, Elchin Aliyev (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
EFFECT OF Chaetomorpha sp. EXTRACT ON THE HEMATOLOGY OF TILAPIA (Oreochromis niloticus) INFECTED WITH Aeromonas hydrophila
Chaetomorpha sp. is a green macroalgae that contains various bioactive compounds with antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities, as well as the potential to improve the physiological health of fish. This research investigates how incorporating Chaetomorpha sp. extract into the diet influences the hematological parameters of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila. The study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with four levels of extract supplementation (0, 25, 50, and 75 mL/kg of feed), with each treatment replicated three times. The hematological parameters analyzed included total erythrocytes, hematocrit, hemoglobin, and blood glucose. The findings indicated that adding Chaetomorpha sp. extract to the diet significantly (p<0.05) improved all hematological indicators relative to the control, with 50 mL/kg of feed as the most effective dosage. The highest erythrocyte count 1.89 x106 cells/mm3, hematocrit value 35.67%, and hemoglobin concentration 6.87 g/dL were observed in fish fed 50 mL/kg extract. This increase in hematological values indicates improved oxygen transport capacity, physiological condition, and metabolic response in fish. Bioactive constituents, including sulfated polysaccharides and flavonoids, are believed to enhance the hematological condition of fish. These findings confirm the potential of Chaetomorpha sp. as a natural supplement to support Tilapia health in sustainable aquaculture systems.
Copyright (c) 2025 M. Riswan, Sri Wahyuni, Ronal Kurniawan, Hayatun Nufus, Asri Mursawal (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
POPULATION DYNAMICS OF KAWAKAWA (Euthynnus affinis) LANDED AT PPI UJONG BAROH, WEST ACEH
This study analyzed the population dynamics of kawakawa tuna (Euthynnus affinis) landed at PPI Ujong Baroh, West Aceh, from May to August 2025, using length-frequency data and the Von Bertalanffy growth model. A total of 815 individuals were measured to estimate growth, mortality, and exploitation parameters. The fork length ranged from 22–69 cm, dominated by medium-sized fish (30–37 cm FL), with the length at first capture (Lc = 33 cm FL) notably smaller than the length at first maturity (Lm ≈ 42–43 cm FL). Growth analysis indicated rapid juvenile growth, characterized by an asymptotic length (L∞) of 90 cm and a relatively high growth coefficient (K), while recruitment occurred periodically throughout the year. Mortality estimates showed total mortality (Z) of 4.77/year, natural mortality (M) of 1.45/year, and fishing mortality (F) of 3.32/year, resulting in an exploitation rate (E) of 0.70, which exceeds the optimal reference point (E = 0.5). These findings indicate that the kawakawa tuna stock in West Aceh is currently overexploited. This study provides the first updated, location-specific population parameter estimates for E. affinis in West Aceh waters, offering a critical scientific baseline for regionally adaptive fisheries management. Science-based management measures are therefore recommended, including implementing a minimum landing size of ≥43 cm FL, seasonal closures during spawning periods, effort control, and strengthened fisher participation to ensure long-term stock sustainability
Copyright (c) 2025 Asri Mursawal, Sri Wahyuni, Anisa Mardhatila, Oktavia Oktavia, Fitri Diana, Serliana Hotmariska Marbun, Ronal Kurniawan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
CONTROLLING CANNIBALISM OF ASIAN REDTAIL CATFISH (Hemibagrus nemurus) LARVAE USING PASTE FEED SUPPLEMENTED WITH TURMERIC FLOUR
Cannibalism is a significant issue during the early stages of Asian redtail catfish (Hemibagrus nemurus) culture, as it negatively affects survival rates. This study aimed to investigate of turmeric (Curcuma longa) flour supplementation in pasta feed to control cannibalism in Asian redtail catfish larvae and the potential to replace silk worm as a feed. A completely randomized design (CRD) was employed, consisting of five treatment groups with four replications each. The larvae were fed pasta diets supplemented with varying doses of turmeric flour (0, 5, 10, and 15 mg/kg), along with a comparative feed using Tubifex sp. The parameters assessed included cannibalism rate, survival rate, and growth performance. The results showed that the highest survival rate (93.33 ± 1.33%) and lowest cannibalism index (2.67 ± 0.94%) were observed in the group fed Tubifex sp. The highest weight gain (24.22 ± 0.53 g) and specific growth rate (9.35 ± 0.03%) were also recorded in this group. However, supplementation of turmeric flour at a dosage of 15 mg/kg in pasta feed was able to reduce cannibalism and improve the growth of Asian redtail catfish larvae. This treatment resulted in a cannibalism index of 11% and a survival rate of 82.67%. In terms of growth performance, larvae under this treatment exhibited a weight gain of 6.13 g, a length gain of 3.58 cm, a specific growth rate (SGR) of 6.07%/day, and a particular growth rate of length (SLR) of 4.25%/day. Pasta feed supplemented with 15 mg/kg turmeric flour can serve as an alternative to replace silk worms, achieving 25% of their weight gain and 63% of their length gain.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ade Yulindra, Benny Heltonika, Netti Aryani (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
EDIBLE FILM CHARACTERISTICS WITH CARRAGEENAN (Eucheuma cottonii) FLOUR EXTRACTED WITH DIFFERENT BASE SOLVENTS
Edible film is a primary packaging in the form of a thin layer and functions as a coating for food ingredients, which can be made from hydrocolloid compounds. Carrageenan polysaccharide is one of the hydrocolloids used to make edible films because it produces strong gel properties. Eucheuma cottonii is a seaweed that produces relatively high levels of kappa carrageenan, namely around 50%. This research aims to determine the physical and mechanical characteristics of edible film with carrageenan flour from E. cottonii extracted with different base solvents. The research method was carried out experimentally with an experimental design, namely a non-factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three levels of treatment, namely differences in carrageenan flour extracted with KOH, NaOH and Ca(OH)2 solvents. The parameters of this research are physical and mechanical analysis of edible film including testing tensile strength, thickness, percent elongation, and water vapor transmission rate. The research results showed that the best results were in the treatment of carrageenan flour extracted with KOH solvent, where the physical and mechanical analysis of the edible film showed a tensile strength value of 9.49±0.50 MPa, a thickness of 0.03±0.003 mm, a water vapor transmission rate of 30.13±0.41 g/m2/day, and a percent elongation 9.86±0.41%.
Copyright (c) 2025 Putriana Sari Sirait, Andarini Diharmi, Heriza Azmi (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
MAXIMUM SUSTAINABLE YIELD (MSY) ESTIMATION AND CATCH POTENTIAL OF JINGA SHRIMP (Metapenaeus monoceros) IN WEST TANJUNG JABUNG WATERS, JAMBI PROVINCE
One of the key commodities in the capture fisheries sector is the Jinga Shrimp (Metapenaeus monoceros), which is widely distributed in tropical waters, including the coastal area of Tanjung Jabung Barat, Jambi Province. This study aims to estimate the Maximum Sustainable Yield (MSY) and the fishing potential of Jinga Shrimp in the waters of Tanjung Jabung Barat. The data used are secondary data on annual catch and fishing effort from 2017 to 2023, obtained from the local Fisheries Office. The analysis was conducted using the Schaefer model approach, which includes calculations of Catch per Unit Effort (CPUE), MSY, optimum effort (EMSY), Allowable Catch, utilization rate, and exploitation rate. The results showed an MSY value of 2,189.60 tons/year and an EMSY of 68.19 trips/year. As the safe harvest limit, the allowable catch was set at 1,751.68 tons/year (80% of MSY). The average utilization rate was 88%, indicating that the resource has not yet experienced overfishing. However, the exploitation rate has exceeded the optimum limit (124%) and is considered overfishing. The negative relationship between CPUE and effort (R² = 96.72%) indicates a decline in stock due to high fishing intensity. Therefore, adaptive and stock-based management policies are necessary to ensure this region's sustainable conservation of Jinga Shrimp populations.
Copyright (c) 2025 Lauura Hermala Yunita, Diah Maulani Saputri, Yoppie Wulanda, M Hariski, Wulandari Wulandari, Hasanah Hasanah (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
UTILIZATION OF MANTIS SHRIMP RESOURCES (Harpiosquilla raphidea) IN LABUHANBATU WATERS, NORTH SUMATRA PROVINCE
Mantis shrimp (Harpiosquilla raphidea) can be found in the waters of Labuhanbatu, North Sumatra Province. The significant economic value and fishing effort of this shrimp species are believed to affect the decline in population numbers in the Labuhanbatu aquatic ecosystem, which has the potential to threaten the sustainability of its natural habitat. This study aimed to analyze the resource utilization of mantis shrimp in Labuhanbatu waters. The research methodology used was secondary data analysis. The research was conducted from November 2024 to April 2025, specifically in the waters of Labuhanbatu, North Sumatra Province. The dataset analyzed includes time series data from 2017 to 2024, including information on mantis shrimp catches and the number of fishing trips obtained from the Labuhanbatu Regency Marine and Fisheries Service. Data analysis was carried out using the Gordon-Schaefer bioeconomic model, along with calculations of utilization rates and effort rates. The results of the resource utilization analysis showed that mantis shrimp in Labuhanbatu have been overexploited. In catch rate optimization and cost reduction, scenarios that produce maximum economic yield (MEY) show higher profitability than scenarios based on maximum sustainable yield (MSY). This highlights the unsustainability of open-access mantis shrimp fishing practices in Labuhanbatu waters and the potential for mantis shrimp resource depletion. Furthermore, the utilization rate estimated at 93% indicates overexploitation, where the exploitation rate exceeds the MSY threshold. In addition, the effort rate reached 91%, indicating that the production capacity is almost at the maximum limit.
Copyright (c) 2025 Irham Huspa Khasahatan Siregar (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
MANAGING CANNIBALISM AND IMPROVING LARVAL SURVIVAL IN BARRAMUNDI HATCHERY
Barramundi (Lates calcarifer) are economically valuable and usually cultivated in tropical marine hatcheries. Their fertilization and hatching rates are generally high, but poor survivorship of larvae due to cannibalism and cohort mismanagement remains a problem. In this study, we sought to address field-based techniques for controlling cannibalism and augmenting larval survival in large-scale hatcheries at Balai Besar Perikanan Budidaya Laut (BBPBL), Lampung, Indonesia. A 30-day rearing cycle was completed through descriptive observation methods focused on reproduction, and growth monitoring was performed concerning feeder grade improvement. The recorded data indicated a fertilization rate of 86% alongside an impressive hatching rate of 96%. However, the survival rate dropped to 52%, primarily due to cannibalism. Considerable size disparity among cohorts, lack of grading during asynchronous growth periods, and stunted development seem to drive cannibalism under these conditions. Increasing the frequency or decreasing the size gap between assessments has proven effective in enhancing survival levels alongside better feeding synchronization, water quality management, and reduced particulate matter concentration in water tanks. These outcomes will assist tropical aquaculture systems with long-term sustainable frameworks while providing actionable insight to hatchery managers without further testing
Copyright (c) 2025 Indra Lesmana, Irwan Effendi, Indra Suharman, Iskandar Putra, Abigael Ruthmawati, Yofi Devara Andesca (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
POPULATION STRUCTURE OF LOKAN (Polymesoda expansa) IN THE REHABILITATION MANGROVE ECOSYSTEM OF ANAK SETATAH VILLAGE, MERANTI ISLANDS REGENCY
Polymesoda expanse belongs to the class of Bivalves found in mangrove forests; their habitat is between mangrove roots on muddy substrates, sandy mud and mangrove litter. This study aims to determine the abundance of P. expansa in Anak Setatah Village, Kepulauan Meranti Regency, examine the size-frequency distribution, and investigate the distribution pattern in the area. The study was conducted in October 2024 by using a survey method. The sites were located in the coastal waters of Anak Setatah Village. Station I is near residential areas, Station II is near fishing ports, and Station III is near agricultural areas. A one-way ANOVA was used to analyse differences in abundance between stations and zones. The results revealed significant differences in abundance, with Station II (near fishing ports) exhibiting the highest abundance and Station I (near residential areas) showing the lowest. The middle zone had the highest abundance among the zones. Furthermore, based on the results of the ANOVA test (p< 0.05), there is a significant difference in abundance between stations. The LSD test revealed a substantial difference in abundance between stations I and II, and stations I and III. However, no significant difference was found from the ANOVA test, with a p-value of 0.125 > 0.05, indicating that there was no significant difference in abundance between zones. The size frequency of P. expansa ranged from 17.6-64.8 mm, and the distribution pattern was clustered
Copyright (c) 2025 Sri Sumarni Fitri, Zulkifli Zulkifli, Syafruddin Nasution (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
HEMATOLOGY OF STRIPED CATFISH (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) FED WITH ADDED FERMENTED HERBAL MEDICINE AND TESTED WITH Aeromonas hydrophila
Fermented herbs made from turmeric, ginger, and kencur have the potential to be antimicrobials and immunostimulants that can increase appetite and reduce fish stress due to changes in water quality. The research was conducted from June 2024 to August 2024 at the Fish Disease and Parasite Laboratory, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine, Universitas Riau. This study aims to determine the best frequency of fermented herbs enriched on the health of striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) hematology after challenge with Aeromonas hydrophila. The research method used a completely randomized design (CRD) with one factor, five treatments, and three replicates. Treatments consisted of Kn (negative control, no challenge test), Kp (positive control and challenge test), P1 (herbs enriched every day and challenge test), P2 (giving every 3 days and test challenge), and P3 (giving every 5 days and a test challenge). Fish were kept for 46 days and challenged with A. hydrophila (10⁸ CFU/mL) on day 32. Clinical symptoms were observed for 14 days post-challenge. The best results were obtained in treatment P1 with the following hematological parameters: erythrocytes 2.37×10⁶ cells/mm³, hematocrit 36.00%, hemoglobin 9.60 g/dL, leukocytes 11.14×10⁴ cells/mm³, glucose 69.33 mg/dL, and normal leukocyte differentiation. The survival rate reached 100%. Feeding fermented herbs effectively improved the health and body endurance of striped catfish
Copyright (c) 2025 Fharisa Nabila Rizvi, Henni Syawal, Morina Riauwaty (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BLOOD BIOCHEMICAL RESPONSES OF Pangasianodon hypophthalmus ENRICHED PELLETS Citrus jambhiri L.
Jungga lime (Citrus jambhiri L.)/Sundai acid/Limau kuit is a natural ingredient that contains alkaloids, saponins, steroids, tannins, flavonoids, ascorbic acid, essential oils, and limonene, which are antibacterial. This research was conducted from August to December 2024 at the Laboratory of Fish Diseases and Parasites, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine, Universitas Riau. This research aimed to analyze the physiological and biochemical responses of the blood of striped catfish. The method used was experimental with a completely randomized design (CRD) of 1 factor, five treatments, and three replicates. The treatments applied were Kn (without the addition of jungga lime and without being infected with A. hydrophila), Kp (without jungga lime and infected with A. hydrophila), and jungga lime-enriched pellets at P1 (6.0 mL/kg), P2 (6.5 mL/kg), and P3 (7.0 mL/kg), and infected with A. hydrophila. Striped catfish (P. hypophthalmus) with a size of 8-12 cm and a weight of 6-7 g were kept in a 54x37x29 cm container, with a stocking density of 1 fish/3 L, and fed 3 times a day and sanitation. On day 32, fish were intramuscularly challenged with A. hydrophila (108 CFU/mL) at 0.1 mL. The results showed that the best dose was P3 (7.0 mL/kg) with a blood glucose of 79.33 mg/dL, Mg 3.07 mg/dL, Ca 9.87 mg/dL, P 4.03 mg/dl, Lisozyme activity of 259 units, mL, weight growth reached 19.11 g, and length growth reached 5.39 cm. Adding jungga lime to fish feed can improve post-challenge fish blood's physiological and biochemical responses
Copyright (c) 2025 Cindy Naomi Fadilla Christine Simalango, Morina Riauwaty, Henni Syawal (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
IDENTIFICATION AND POTENTIAL PARASITES IN NILE TILAPIA (Oreochromis niloticus) CULTURED IN DOLO SUBDISTRICT, SIGI DISTRICT
Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is a freshwater aquaculture fish in Dolo District, Sigi Regency. This study aimed to determine the type and prevalence of parasites on tilapia. This research was conducted from June to August 2024. Fish samples were taken in 5 villages: Kota Pulu, Kota Rindau, Potoya, Tulo, and Maku, with each village location taking as many as 10 fish, then parasite examination was carried out at the Central Sulawesi Animal, Fish, and Plant Quarantine Center Laboratory. The method used was smear preparation (smear method) with the target organs being the skin (body mucus) and gills. The total number of samples examined was 50 fish with a length of 10.5-12.8 cm and a weight of 30-43g. The results of parasite identification found nine types of ectoparasites that infect Tilapia, namely Trichodina sp, Dactylogyrus sp, Uronema sp, Oodinium sp, Gyrodactylus sp, Chilodonela sp, Vorticella sp, Chlorosoma sp, Apiosoma sp, and Chichlidogyrus sp. The highest prevalence in Tilapia was in Dactylogyrus sp parasites at 70%, Trichodina sp at 28%, and Gyrodactylus sp at 2%.
Copyright (c) 2025 Usy Nora Manurung, Wijanarko Wijanarko, Serli Mauru, Melani Manurung, I Nyoman Adi Permana (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
CORAL REEF COVER CONDITION AND ABUNDANCE OF REEF FISH OF THE POMACENTRIDAE FAMILY IN THE WATERS OF PAGANG ISLAND, PESISIR SELATAN REGENCY, WEST SUMATRA
Coral reefs play a crucial role in maintaining marine biodiversity by providing habitat and resources for various aquatic organisms, including reef fish from the Pomacentridae family. This study aims to determine the condition of coral reef cover, the abundance of reef fish from the Pomacentridae family, and the relationship between coral reef cover and the abundance of reef fish from the Pomacentridae family in the waters of Pagang Island. The study used the Underwater Photo Transect (UPT) method for coral cover analysis and the Underwater Visual Census (UVC) method for fish abundance data collection. The results showed that the average percentage value of coral reef cover at a depth of 5 m was 22.18%, and at a depth of 7 m was 12.80%, indicating a poor category for the percentage value of coral reef cover. Data collection was carried out at three different stations. The highest percentage of coral reef cover was found at station III at a depth of 5 m at 46.74% and at a depth of 6 m at 28.81%, while the lowest value was at station I at a depth of 5 m at 11.67% and at a depth of 7 m at 2.41%. The abundance of Pomacentridae reef fish varies between stations, with the highest abundance observed in areas with higher coral cover. Regression analysis showed a positive correlation between coral reef cover and fish abundance, indicating that declining coral reef conditions can have a negative impact on fish populations. These findings highlight the importance of coral reef conservation efforts to maintain marine biodiversity and ecosystem balance
Copyright (c) 2025 Aga Azmi Hidayat, Zulkifli Zulkifli, Thamrin Thamrin (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
THE EFFECT OF PAPAYA LEAF EXTRACT (Carica papaya) AND ZEOLITE ON WATER QUALITY IN THE CULTIVATION MEDIUM FOR STRIPED CATFISH (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus)
Striped catfish maintenance media often experience water quality problems. Efforts to overcome water quality problems can be made using papaya leaves (Carica papaya). Papaya leaf has benefits in maintaining water quality. In addition to papaya leaf, zeolite can be added as a water filter in the maintenance media. One of the water quality parameters that must be maintained is the physical parameters, namely temperature, turbidity, DHL, TDS, and TSS. This research was conducted from April 2024 to February 2025. This study aimed to determine the effect and best dosage of papaya leaf and zeolite solutions on water quality in striped catfish seed cultivation media. The method used in this study was the experimental method and Completely Randomized Design (CRD), which used four treatment levels with three replications. The treatments given were without papaya leaf solution and zeolite (P0), papaya leaf solution 4 mL/L and zeolite 17.05 g/L (P1), 5 mL/L and zeolite 17.05 g/L (P2), 6 mL/L and zeolite 17.05 g/L (P3). The striped catfish used was 5.9-6.6 cm in size, with a stocking density of 60 fish/tank. Fish maintenance was carried out for 30 days, with feeding conducted at satiation levels, and the feeding frequency was 3 times a day, namely 08:00 WIB, 13:00 WIB, and 16:00 WIB. The administration of 6 ml/L papaya leaf solution resulted in temperature (25.63±0.05b), turbidity (1.83±0.01a), electrical conductivity (83.66±0.57a), TDS (63.66±0.57a) and TSS (28.00±1.00a) and absolute weight of 2.92±0.313c g/fish, absolute length of 3.56±0.472b cm/fish and LPS value of 1.72±0.122c g/day. Papaya leaf solution and zeolite filter significantly affected water quality.
Copyright (c) 2025 Anugrah Aurora Dhearesta, Saberina Hasibuan, Syafriadiman Syafriadiman (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF DEGRADING BACTERIA MICROPLASTICS ON THE SURFACE WATER IN BAGANSIAPIAPI WATERS, RIAU PROVINCE
Microplastic pollution in the marine environment seriously threatens aquatic ecosystems, including in the coastal areas of Bagansiapiapi, Riau Province. This study aims to isolate and identify microplastic-degrading bacteria from the sea surface and test their degradation ability. Sampling was carried out at three different locations in the Bagansiapiapi waters, and then isolation, morphological identification, and biochemical tests were carried out at the Marine Microbiology Laboratory, Universitas Riau. Microplastic degradation tests using LDPE plastic were carried out for 30 days, and molecular identification was carried out using the 16S rRNA PCR method. The results showed significant differences in the number of bacteria between stations. Station I (port area) showed the highest bacterial density of 31.8 × 10⁴ CFU/ml. Six of the 14 bacterial isolates obtained showed the ability to degrade microplastics, with ISL 14 (Bacillus sp.) showing the highest degradation percentage of 30.38%. This finding shows the potential for utilizing local bacteria as bioremediation agents for microplastics in the marine environment effectively and environmentally friendly
Copyright (c) 2025 Aprilia Wulandari, Nursyirwani Nursyirwani, Feliatra Feliatra (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0